Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Accreditation Audit Essay Example for Free
Accreditation Audit Essay With all of the possible problems that could occur during surgery, a wrong-site, wrong-patient mistake is one that should never arise. Nightingale Community Hospital (NCH) fully understands the importance of doing away with these errors and has set up protocol to work towards this goal. While the protocol is in place, it is not fully compliant with Joint Commission (JC) standards. Standard: UP.01.01.01: Conduct a preprocedure verification process. Nightingale Community Hospital has a Site Identification and Verification policy and procedure. Within this policy, and Preoperative/Preprocedure Verification Process is addressed. There is also a Preprocedure Hand-Off form present. This form is a bit misleading as it is essentially a hand-off form in general with a few extra boxes possible for check-off. To prepare for inspection and audit, NCH should create and implement a form for use within the Operating Theater or wherever procedures are performed, such as bedside procedures. This form needs to be more specific in addressing at least the minimum requirements by JC. The form needs to cite that all relevant documentation is present, such as signed consent form, nursing assessment, preanesthesia assessment, history and physical. The form also needs to specify that the necessary diagnostic and radiology test results, rather they be images and scans, or biopsy reports, and properly displayed and labeled. Finally, to fulfill the minimum requirements by JC, any and all required blood products, implants, devices, and special equipment needs to be labeled and matched to the patient. Standard: UP.01.02.01: Mark the procedure site. NCH covers the procedure site marking standard fairly well within their Site Identification and Verification Policy. It mentions that site marking is needed for those cases involving laterality, multiple structures, or levels. Several times in their policy NCH mentions that it is best to have the patient involved, if at all possible. If the patient is unable to mark the site, the policy states that the physician will be called to mark the site. The policy states that the mark shall be made in permanent black marker so it will remain visible after skin preparation, and also in a location that will remain visible after sterile draping is in place. The policy also includes circumstances in which the marking will be unable to be performed based on the location of the surgery being in an area that is unable to be marked. Standard: UP.01.03.01: A time-out is performed before the procedure. Nightingale Community Hospital has an adequate procedure in place for the time-out performance. Within the Site Identification and Verification Policy, the Time-Out Procedure complies with JC standards. A time-out is to be conducted immediately prior to performance of the procedure, it is initiated by the nurse or technologist, it involves all personnel involved in the procedure, the team members agree to a minimum of patient identity, correct site, and correct procedure to be performed, and all of this information is documented in the record, including those involved and the duration of the time-out. The only issue not addressed fully is the possibility of multiple procedures occurring on the same patient by different practitioners, and in that case, an additional time-out needs to be done for every new procedure. The Communication priority focus area is an extremely important area for any hospital. This is a common sense area that should be able to reach complete compliance. A wrong-patient, wrong-site issue should never arise and is completely avoidable. In 2010, Joint Commission reported that wrong-patient/site surgeries continued to be the most frequently reported sentinel event(Spath 2011).Jay Arthur states that JC reports between four and six wrong-site surgeries per day(2011). The World Health Organization believes that at least 500,000 deaths per year could be prevented if the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist was correctly implemented. These numbers, when compared with the possibility of 100% compliance, are astounding and completely avoidable. Nightingale Community Hospital is well on their way to avoiding these types of sentinel events through usages of proper protocol, procedures, and policy as is seen by the upward trend from their last year of self-checks. With continued diligence and appropriate modifications made, this can be an area that NCH, and any other hospital can be fully compliant in. References Arthur, J. (2011). Lean six sigma for hospitals: Simple steps to fast, affordable, flawless healthcare. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Spath, P. L. (2011). Error reduction in health care: A systems approach to improving patient safety (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Jossy-Bass. WHO (2013). WHO | Safe surgery saves lives. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/patientsafety/safesurgery/en/ [Last Accessed November 5, 2013].
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Prohibition Essay example -- essays research papers
                                   English III Honors P. 1 Mrs. Robinson 4 May 2004 â€Å"Prohibition: The Noble Experiment†     â€Å"Prohibition, sometimes referred to as the noble experiment, did not achieve its goals. It did the exact opposite by adding to the problems that it was intended to solve†(Thorton). It is also considered to be the thirteen years that damaged America. On January 16, 1920 one of the most disobeyed laws was put into effect. The 18th amendment, also known as Prohibition, was ineffective and caused more corruption in America with the rise of organized crime and the increase in alcohol consumption.      Prohibition had many different purposes; one was to reduce the consumption of alcohol by Americans. This was going to fail no matter what because if you are told not to do something only going to want to do it more. That is just human nature. It also focused on reducing crime, corruption, poverty, death rates, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America (Thorton). Not only did it not accomplish this but it did the exact opposite. And lastly it focused to improve the economy and the quality of life.      Theoretically Prohibition was feasible, but in reality it had too many flaws. For one it was unenforceable. This is defiantly the biggest problem. What good is law if you can not enforce it? Fiorella H. LaGuardia was a prominent New York City politician who served several terms in the House of Representatives. He said, â€Å"It is impossible to tell whether Prohibition is a good thing or a bad thing. It has never been enforced in this country.†Even he was a realist that could see that this experiment was going to fail.      Prohibition was not a new concept for Americans in the 1920’s. In fact, it was part of society since the 1600’s. The feminist movement originated early in the 1800's. Until the 1870's, however, feminine involvement in the temperance effort was largely peripheral. The Women's Crusade of 1873 and the organization of the Women's Christian Temperance Union in 1874 marked the formal... ...ed 1.     Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America. New York:      Arcade Publishing, 1996. 2.     Bowen, Ezra, Ed. This Fabulous Century: Vol. 6. New York: Time Life Books,      1969 3. Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. Trans. Constance Garnett.           New York: Bantam, 1981. 4. McGrew, Lang. â€Å"History of Alcohol Prohibition.†Online. 13 April 2004.                http://www.druglibrary.org./schaffer/LIBRARY/studies/nc/nc2a.htm. 5. McWilliams, Peter. â€Å"Prohibition: A Lesson In The Futility (and danger) Of                Prohibition.†Online. 13 April 2004. http://www.mcwilliams.                     com/books/aint/402.htm 6. Thorton, Mark. â€Å"Policy Analysis: Alcohol Prohibition Was A Failure.†Online. 17 July 1991. http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-157.html Prohibition Essay example -- essays research papers                                    English III Honors P. 1 Mrs. Robinson 4 May 2004 â€Å"Prohibition: The Noble Experiment†     â€Å"Prohibition, sometimes referred to as the noble experiment, did not achieve its goals. It did the exact opposite by adding to the problems that it was intended to solve†(Thorton). It is also considered to be the thirteen years that damaged America. On January 16, 1920 one of the most disobeyed laws was put into effect. The 18th amendment, also known as Prohibition, was ineffective and caused more corruption in America with the rise of organized crime and the increase in alcohol consumption.      Prohibition had many different purposes; one was to reduce the consumption of alcohol by Americans. This was going to fail no matter what because if you are told not to do something only going to want to do it more. That is just human nature. It also focused on reducing crime, corruption, poverty, death rates, solve social problems, reduce the tax burden created by prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America (Thorton). Not only did it not accomplish this but it did the exact opposite. And lastly it focused to improve the economy and the quality of life.      Theoretically Prohibition was feasible, but in reality it had too many flaws. For one it was unenforceable. This is defiantly the biggest problem. What good is law if you can not enforce it? Fiorella H. LaGuardia was a prominent New York City politician who served several terms in the House of Representatives. He said, â€Å"It is impossible to tell whether Prohibition is a good thing or a bad thing. It has never been enforced in this country.†Even he was a realist that could see that this experiment was going to fail.      Prohibition was not a new concept for Americans in the 1920’s. In fact, it was part of society since the 1600’s. The feminist movement originated early in the 1800's. Until the 1870's, however, feminine involvement in the temperance effort was largely peripheral. The Women's Crusade of 1873 and the organization of the Women's Christian Temperance Union in 1874 marked the formal... ...ed 1.     Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years That Changed America. New York:      Arcade Publishing, 1996. 2.     Bowen, Ezra, Ed. This Fabulous Century: Vol. 6. New York: Time Life Books,      1969 3. Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. Trans. Constance Garnett.           New York: Bantam, 1981. 4. McGrew, Lang. â€Å"History of Alcohol Prohibition.†Online. 13 April 2004.                http://www.druglibrary.org./schaffer/LIBRARY/studies/nc/nc2a.htm. 5. McWilliams, Peter. â€Å"Prohibition: A Lesson In The Futility (and danger) Of                Prohibition.†Online. 13 April 2004. http://www.mcwilliams.                     com/books/aint/402.htm 6. Thorton, Mark. â€Å"Policy Analysis: Alcohol Prohibition Was A Failure.†Online. 17 July 1991. http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-157.html
Monday, January 13, 2020
Factors to Consider When Deciding on Which Market Segment to Venture
Question1(a) Factors to consider when deciding on the segments to serve as a market * Population The density of the people in a given place is a very important aspect to consider when segmenting a market . A densely populated area is usually preferred as a destiny to market the product. * Consumer behaviour How a consumer perceives when purchasing or deciding to purchase a product is very vital. * Social classDifferent consumers have different classes . in this case a seller should consider the class of the various consumers before deciding on which segment to choose or segmenting the consumers into certain target group * Attitude towards the product Different consumers have different perspective about the product in different regions ,consumer’s attitudes about the product in place should be factored in when deciding on the market segment * ReligionDifferent consumers have different religions and in this case some may not consume a certain product based on their religion, a g ood marketer evaluates the demographic and cultural factors before venturing and selecting the appropriate market segment. Question 1(b) Message execution style to capture the target markets attention and interest Packaging style How the goods appear to the consumer influences his/her buying decision ,thus how the labels, container appears determines a lot on how the consumer creates interest in that productBrand name Most consumers have become constituent in in purchasing or consuming certain products and they will always look for these products with the brand name they are used to. Clear descriptions How the product description in terms of how it is used ,its ingredients, determines a lot how that product will capture the attention of the consumers. Shapes and sizes Consumers belong to different classes and how the products are broken down into different sizes and shape determines how that product will capture the attention of the buyer PriceMost consumers prefer a quality product with a reasonable cost ,in this case the seller should consider competitors before setting his/hers price inorder to avoid customer loss through higher prices. Question 2(a) Components of the marketing information systems I. Internal reporting system This involves the records of income ,expenditure, creditor or debtors and consumers II. Marketing intelligence This involves getting information from another different person to get to know whether you are performing in the market or not III.Marketing research This involves identification of a problem and finding a solution to that problem IV. Marketing models This involves the use of time series ,linear programming ,analysis of variance ,progression analysis, sensitivity analysis, in trying how the market operates Uses and functions of public relations to organization a) Used to inform consumers about the new product in the market, through public relation consumers get to know about the new product in the market b) Used to teach the c onsumers on how to use the new product in the market .It is through public relation that the consumers are taught how to use the new product in the market. c) Enables consumers to know where and how to get the organizational goods d) Used in link ling the consumer with the organization thus public relation facilities then bringing of the gap between consumers and the organization Importance of public relation to the organization i) Creates good image of an organization. An organizations image is sustained through public relation. i) Public relations enhances the product awareness that is marketing of organizational product is enhanced iii) Public relations enables the establishment of long and lasting relationship with the consumers iv) Creation of trust about the organizational products by the consumers, due to a close relation by the consumers the organization product will be trusted by the consumers Question 3(. a) Product development process a) Idea generationThe product to be d eveloped is established at this very vital stage ,idea generation can be through archives ,business journals or successful entrepreneurs . b) Idea screening The idea found is measured and its viability weighed before further developments Concept development and testing c) Concept development and screening How to create the product and addition of more features to make the product and testing. d) Business analysis The market is analysed whether the product will fit in the market or not? ) Product development The product itself is then developed that is all the features encompassed to the product and forming the final the product. f) Market testing Product is taken to the market may be taken in samples or the product is fully released to the market g) Communication and adoption After testing the market and finding that it is performing ,large volumes of products are then produced for commercialization 3(b) Methods available to a firm to set their advertising budget Cost analysisA firm considers the various media and avenues to be used and the costs to be associated with each the media to be used should not be too costly to the extent of eating on the profits Market analysis A firm measures the available market and conducts a swot analysis thus a firm will play their advertising budget depending on the competitors ability and the general market competitiveness. Target population A firm will set their advertising budget basing on the geographical area of the targeted population Product natureThe nature of the product will have to be put into consideration when planning for the advertising budget, If the product is highly involved or it is a new product then it requires allocation of more funds. 4(a)Role played by the middlemen in distribution of goods Breaking of bulk Some middlemen may modify the shapes and size of the product into flexible and portable items for ease of transportation or storage. Location Middlemen enable consumers to obtain goods easily by avai ling themselves in strategic places convenient to the consumer. Repackaging of goodsMiddle men pack products into desired packages such as containers Disseminating information Middlemen get first hand information about products from the consumers and submit the data to manufacturing firms for marketing research ,and also giving vital information to the consumers about the product(manufacturer) 4(b)New product pricing strategies a) Cost based strategy A marketer will price the product based on the inputs used when manufacturing the product. b) Competitor based strategy A marketer will price his/her goods based on the price of the competitor goods. c) consumer based strategyA consumer is the king/queen of the market and the marketer will price his goods basing on the willingness and ability of the consumer to purchase that product in that price. d)product based strategy a marketer will price his goods based on the nature of the product Question 5a. major influencers on consumers purch ase behaviour 1. Culture the cultural belief and norms of the consumer will influence his /her purchasing behaviour. 2. Social factors such as the family ,age, occupation will influence a lot on how the consumer will purchase the product. . Personal factors such as the attitude and economic status of the individual will influence his/her decision to purchase a product. 4. Phys logical factors like personal attributes will affect a consumers purchasing behaviour 5b stages in a buyers decision making process for a major purchase a) Awareness a consumer should get to know all about the product he/she wants to purchase b) Interest a consumer then develops the interest for the product. ) Evaluation a consumer will then evaluate the product in questions based on various alternatives d) Trial after a consumer has chosen the right product he/she will then put it on trial e) Adoption if the consumers likes the product he/she will then make a purchase question 6. (a)elements of the promotion mix dvertising Refers to any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of ideas,goods and services of an identified sponsor personal selling refers to face to face persuasion of a prospective buyer to buy a product publicity refers to a non paid promotion of ideas ,presentation of products and doesn’t necessarily need an identified sponsor sales promotion refers to activities that stimulates consumer purchasing 6b. trategies that can be used in the stages of the product lifecycle a) Introduction stage it is the initial stage of product development and its characterised by low sales ,low profit or nil profit the marketing strategy to be employed at this stage is the promotional strategy. b) Growth stage there is a steady rise in profits ,increased sales and established market share at this stage the marketer can diversify the product to increase its outlook and market stability. ) Maturity stage at this stage the profits begin to decline as there new entrances in th e market strategy to be employed here is diversification or turn around. d) Decline stage here the sales become completely low or none ,profits diminish and cost of production super cedes the revenue the best strategy to approach as a marketer or marketing manager is withdrawal from the market or diversification.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Lottery, By Shirley Jackson And The Yellow Wallpaper
Reading The Lottery by Shirley Jackson and The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Gilman make the reader so passionate to know what is going to happen next because they are two of the most expressive and meaningful stories that have lots of great deep meanings. These stories share so many similarities when it comes to symbols, themes, and conflicts. Although The Lottery and The Yellow Wallpaper do not have the same plot, their themes have some similarities like following unfair traditions and women’s subordination that make readers interested in comparing and contrasting them. Every author of fictional stories uses different methods to develop themes in their stories uniquely. In these stories, both authors use symbolism to help them develop themes in a unique way that have deep hidden meanings. Also, authors in both stories uses symbolism to identify some of the events throughout the story. Symbolism in The lottery is mainly represented by the black box and the lottery itself. The black box is more symbolic because of its color.Most of the time, black color represents death or/and bad events. The original paraphernalia for the Lottery had been lost long ago, and the black box now resting on the stool have been put into use even before old man Warner, the oldest man in the town, was born (par. 5). On the other hand, symbolism in The Yellow Wallpaper is mainly represented by the wallpaper itself. In the story, the wallpaper isShow MoreRelatedFeminism, The Yellow Wallpaper, And Jackson s The Lottery1205 Words  | 5 Pages1970s. The feminist movement started after the 1970s. Women such as Adrienne Rich (poet), Charlotte Perkins Gilman (feminist) and Shirley Jackson (writer), are women that used their works of literature to show their views on the ways men controlled their wives physically and mentally. Rich wrote Living In Sin, Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper, and Jackson wrote The Lottery. Although each work of literature is written by a different author, they each have the same common theme, feminism. These writersRead More Essay on Appearance vs Reality in Yellow Wallpaper, Story of an Hour, and Lottery1166 Words  | 5 PagesAppearance versus Reality in Yellow Wallpaper, Story of an Hour, and Lottery     Authors often write literature to have an emotional impact on the reader. These effects vary from work to work, and they may include happiness, sorrow, anger, or shock. Even authors who try to achieve the same effect may go about it in very different ways. This paper discusses three short stories written to shock the reader, but each uses a different method to achieve its effect. While Kate Chopins The StoryRead MoreSymbolism1922 Words  | 8 Pagesobject. Shirley Jackson is the author of â€Å"The Lottery†and Charlotte Perkins Gilman is the author of â€Å"The Yellow Wall-Paper†, both express vital symbols in their short stories. To better understand symbolism written in the text you want to familiarize yourself with the author’s work and style. Often times the author represents the important issue of the time in which the author lived, or has personal significance to the writer. Miss Jackson was widely known as the author of The Lottery, a shortRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of `` The Yellow Wallpaper `` By Charlotte Perkins Gilman894 Words  | 4 Pagesactions have the opposite effect of what was intended. The author, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, uses situational irony in The Yellow Wallpaper to make the plot of her story interesting. In her short story the narrator is moved to a temporary home due to her health and is not allowed to do anything, which makes her go insane. She becomes so obsessed with the yellow wallpaper in her room, she convinces herself a woman is trapped inside the thin paper and she must be set free. Situational irony is ironyRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper And The Lottery Essay847 Words  | 4 Pagestraditions are viewed as customs that unify people, strengthening relationships between family, friends, and community. In contrast, Shirley Jackson and Charlotte Perkins Gilman blatantly exhibit how outdated traditions in history have severed relations amongst people, acting as divisive forces rather than unifying practices. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†and â€Å"The Lottery†, old traditions of the societies in the stories incite conflict amongst the characters, negatively influencing relationships betweenRead MoreEffects of Thirdperson and First Person1197 Words  | 5 PagesWhile a story told in the third person gives you a little more freedom, you wont be limited to only one thought. â€Å"The Lottery,†by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,†by Kate Chopin are both told in the third person, which creates an interesting twist. Conversely, two stories that make you think and wonder, because they are being told in the first person are â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,†by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and â€Å"Cathedral,†written by Raymond Carver. When comparing these stories in the sameRead MoreAnalysis : The Five Eighty Eight And Stone Mattress 1746 Words  | 7 Pages were affected by abuse, I decided to change my paper’s focus on the role of women in literature. Daisy Buchanan in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tessie Hutchinson in â€Å"The Lottery†by Shirley Jackson, Delia Jones in â€Å"Sweat†by Zora Neale Hurston, and the unnamed narrator in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†by Charlotte Perkins Gilman are all women who are seen of as less than their husbands. Patrick 3 The Role of Women in Literature From the earliest civilizations on earth to the 20thRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson574 Words  | 2 PagesCould you imagine having your name pulled out of the lottery? It is everyone’s dream to hit that jackpot, and obtain any prize that is in store for them. What if the prize wasn’t cash or your dream boat? What if it entailed a city wide gathering in your name with the intentions of you getting stoned? That doesn’t seem like a dream come true. That is exactly what happens in the short story â€Å"The Lottery†by Shirley Jackson. This horrific tale is about a mass city wide gathering where everyone participatesRead MoreAn Analysis of Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper693 Words  | 3 Pagesï » ¿1. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1899) contains elements that could be construed as a feminist take on a paternalistic society or a gothic ghost story. When the writer states that  ¦ he hardly lets me stir without di rection, I cant imagine anything more claustrophobic. Given the period in which this is written, it makes sense that this attitude is fueled by the endemic paternalism of the time. When the heads with bulging eyes began to appear in the wallpaper, as if theseRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1996 Words  | 8 Pagesall over the world. The semi finalists were Henry Lawson with ‘The Drovers Wife,’ Barbara Baynton with ‘The Chosen Vessel,’ Katherine Mansfield with ‘The Fly’ and Shirley Jackson with ‘The Lottery.’ We had a high calibre of contestants this year and the winner is Charlotte Perkins Gilman with ‘The Yellow Wallpaper.’ ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ is a short story that emphasises a young woman struggling with the negative impacts of mental illness such as depression and nervous breakdowns. Through the fantastic
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)